这是一篇新西兰留学生关于爱尔兰都柏林大学University College Dublin的一篇人力资源管理论文代写范文，在本文从我国公共部门人力资源管理现状出发，分析了公共部门激励机制中存在的问题及缺陷
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一、激励的定义界定
Incentives,using the language of psychology,is to stimulate people's motives and cause behavior.Students from the American behavioral scientist Fred Herzberg(Freeick·Herzberg)two-factor theory perspective,motivation is a state of mind,it plays to strengthen,stimulate and promote the role and behavior guidance or guide point target.The motives of human behavior,decided the human body does not exist without goal-directed behavior when unmet need,it is the starting point for the activation process,when needs are met,it is in the end of the activation process.
激励，用心理学的语言来说，就是激发人的动机并引起行为。从美国行为学家弗雷德生·赫茨伯格(Freeick·Herzberg)的双因素理论来看，激励是一种精神状态，它起着加强、激发和推动的作用，并且指导或引导行为指向目标。人的行为的动机性，决定了人的身上不存在无目标导向的行为，当需求未得到满足时，它处于激励过程的起点，当需求得到满足时，它处于激励过程的结束。
二、激励理论的产生与类型
Western management theory of incentives under different contents can be divided into content-based,process type.
西方管理学中的激励理论根据内容不同，可以分为内容型、过程型等。http://www.ukassignment.org/yylwdx/
(A)content-based incentive theory
Content-based incentive theory is basically that human behavior is motivated by the need to attract,and thus to understand the needs of people,especially the advantages of needs,which is to stimulate the starting point.Are:
1,Maslow's hierarchy of needs.Americans humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow in 1943 will be divided into five kinds of human needs:physiological,safety,social,respect and self-actualization needs,and from junior to senior needs to be developed.
2,Herzberg's two-factor theory.American psychologist Herzberg that resulted in staff very dissatisfied reasons,mainly corporate policy and administration,supervision,and supervisor relationships with subordinate relations,working conditions,salaries,personal life,status,security,etc.aspects mishandled.He put such factors as"health factor."For the employees are very satisfied with the factors such as achievement,recognition,work itself,responsibility,develop,grow,such factors as"motivating factor."
(Two)the process of driving theory
Emphasis on procedural theory of motivation theory of motivation throughout the study cognitive processes and how such cognitive processes are associated with aggressive behavior.Which comprises:
1,Frome expectations theory.Frome psychologist suggested the reason why people adopt a certain behavior,because he felt that this behavior can safely achieve a certain result,and this result he has enough value.
2,Adams'equity theory.American psychologist Adams(S.Adams)in 1967 proposed the theory of fairness.He believes that people have a sense of fairness to keep the distribution needs of employees sense of fairness will directly affect their work motivation.It focuses on the study of reasonable wages,fairness positive impact on individuals,it can also be called equity theory of social comparison theory.
3,Skinner's reinforcement theory.American psychologist BF Skinner proposed a"reinforcement theory."This theory emphasizes behavioral outcomes that result when there is conducive to personal behavior,this behavior will be repeated,if the individual disadvantage,then this behavior will be reduced until it disappears.Skinner made from positive reinforcement content can have praise,honor,raise in salary,bonuses,etc.,negative reinforcement and positive reinforcement measures to the contrary,including the reduction of reward,fines,criticism and demotion.
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