英国课程论文代写案例节选-领导理论与模型。领导是一个激励或影响一群人去做或正在做更有效和高效的事的过程，要做一个领袖就必须有激励或影响他人的能力。
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领导的定义：
领导有很多不同的定义。但简单来说，领导是一个激励或影响一群人去做或正在做更有效和高效的事的过程。要做一个领袖就必须有激励或影响他人的能力。事实上,领导者和追随者都用领导作为一个激励和影响他人达到组织目标的过程。
在不同行业，领导和管理之间存在着更多的相似性比如：管理者和领导者都应该具备激励和影响人的能力。领导和管理的过程都是人为完成的。领导和管理的主要目的是有效地完成目标。管理的活动和领导的功能有很多相似之处。但领导与管理之间还是有很多不同之处。英国航空公司的经理应该有管理和领导能力，这意味着他应该拥有领导技巧，因为作为一名经理，他扮演着管理和领导的角色。但是领导者并不意味着能扮演好管理者的角色。
领导理论和模型:
有很多关于领导理论，比如：特质理论，权变理论，行为理论，参与式理论，情境理论。这些理论描述如下：
Task 1:
Definition of leadership:
Leadership can be defined through different ways.But in simple,leadership is the process of motivating or influencing the group of people to do something or doing their work more effectively and efficiently.To be a leader,a person must have the ability to motivate or influence other people.In fact,leaders and followers use the leadership as a process of motivating and influencing others for gaining the objectives of an organization.
There exist more similarities between leadership and management in different sector such as:motivating or influencing people and these are done both by manager and also leader.The process of leadership and management are done with the people.The main purpose of leadership and management is to accomplish the goal effectively.There are many activities of management which are similar with the function of leadership.But some dissimilarity is existed between leadership and management.A manager of British Airways should have the ability to lead to other that means he should has the skill of leadership because as a manager he plays the role of managerial and also leader.But the leader doesn't need to play the role of manager.
Leadership theories and models:
There are lots of theories regarding the leadership.Such as:trait theories,contingency theory,behavioural theory,participative theory,situational theories.These theories are described below:
Behavioural approach:
In case of behavioural leadership,the Ohio State Studies uses the questionnaire on leadership behaviour and conduct a sample survey through this questionnaire on different school,manufacturing companies or leaders of students.After completing the survey,the studies of Ohio State get the two different views of leadership which identifies the roles and responsibilities of leaders.These two aspects are:the leadership behaviour which is task oriented and another one is consideration.First one that is task oriented behaviour mainly consist the activities of directing,monitoring and designing the employees work and the consideration implies the leaders behaviour or concern towards their welfare,help them and monitoring their task accomplishment.
Contingency approach:
Contingency approach is also called situational approach.This approach is also concentrated on the team work and indicated to the activities of the leader to motivate his subordinates to work as a group and this group work or the leaders'orientation on this is more effective.Contingency theories include Path goal,situational theory etc.and also the contingency theory of Fiedler.
According to Fiedler contingency theory,the role of leader should be task-oriented in both the situation of favorable or unfavorable.But this theory was not clearly defined about the style of leadership.Path goal theory indicated to the performance of subordinate that is their experience,performance,their skills and ability etc.and to the working environment which is related to style of group work,authority system,quality of task etc.
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